Forgiveness and reconciliation can be a thorny issue. Many questions must be asked to determine the shape of forgiveness and reconciliation. Is sin truly involved, or is one of the people offended because of his own unrealistic expectations of the other person? That is, one person has his feelings hurt because he is overly demanding, and no one lives up to his expectations. If sin is involved, is the sin of such a nature that it can be forgiven so that the relationship can return to what it was? If one spouse speaks uncharacteristically harshly to the other, forgiveness can be granted and the sin practically forgotten. Or is the sin of such a nature that the relationship is unalterably changed even though forgiveness is granted? If a spouse is a serial adulterer/adulteress, leading to a divorce, the marriage may never go back to what it was. Is the sinning party repentant or unrepentant? What is the part restitution plays in reconciliation? What does the healing process look like after forgiveness is granted? Though we don’t need to make forgiveness more complicated than necessary, human relationships are not as simple as “do these three things and move on.” (I’ve written several articles on forgiveness at Kuyperian Commentary. You can find them here, and a series that begins here.)
(more…)Preachers, Pastors, and Punishment
Recently claims have been made in evangelical media that Steve Lawson was not a pastor, elder, or even a member of the local church where he was preaching weekly when he was removed from all ministry due to revelation of an “inappropriate relationship” with a woman who was not his wife. If true, as Michael Grant has pointed out, this is a damning indictment of the (ongoing) problem of celebrity preachers, hired guns, in the evangelical and Reformed world. Men with big names and a large following are platformed by churches and organizations that have no meaningful authority to discipline them. These congregations or parachurch organizations can remove them from teaching positions when disqualifying sin is discovered, but they cannot discipline the unrepentant or disqualified person in a biblical and ecclesiastical way.
We have seen this before. A man commits disqualifying and egregious sin, but because he is not a member, or removes himself from membership in a local, independent church, he cannot be effectively disciplined. How can the church excommunicate someone who is not in communion? They can, and should, mark and avoid those who cause divisions and offenses, contrary to the doctrine (Rom. 16:17) as well as note that person and do not keep company with him (2Thess. 3:14), but they cannot remove him from their fellowship since he is not part of it. The Church exercises discipline over members of the Church (Matt. 18:15-17; 1Cor. 5:9-13).
Some in my own camp of more traditional Presbyterianism will immediately say, “This is why ministers should have accountability to higher courts of authority.” Yes, and amen. But that system only works if the members of it agree to abide by it. If members of that judicatory, in this case a church court, do not bring charges and demand accountability of the offender, then he might as well be independent of its authority. When the good old boy network protects those who are offenders, or seeks to deal with problems by a campaign of gossip and slander rather than transparent and biblical action, the system of justice remains ineffective at addressing sin in the camp.
Church discipline is, at the very least, designed to reclaim the offender (1Cor. 5:5), protect the Church from error and pollution (1Cor. 5:6), and vindicate and manifest the honor of Christ (1Cor. 5:7-8). When a man falls into grievous sin, it is a sin not to discipline him. That should begin with admonishment and rebuke, but if he will not hear the correction of his brethren, he must be dealt with more firmly. To leave him in his sin, uncorrected, is neither loving him nor the Church nor the Savior of the Church, our Lord Jesus Christ.
Steve Lawson was not a guest preacher; he was the regular teacher, the “Lead Preacher,” in a congregation to which he did not belong and to which he had no meaningful accountability. Even a hired gun in organizations that operate downrange have standards they are required to maintain and are subject to formal disciplinary action if they deviate from those protocols. The Church is not a business that simply deals with sin by termination of service. The Church is an organic, covenantal fellowship. Serious sin must be dealt with accordingly, not simply by firing a man from a job but by separating him from the life of the spiritual Body to which he belongs and by which he enjoys union and communion with Christ.
A man is only as accountable as he chooses to be. Our own congregation has seen people avoid discipline by fleeing the church or jurisdiction and seeking refuge elsewhere. It can be difficult to know what to do in these cases—it is easy for people outside the circle of knowledge to sit in judgment of the elders and assume the proper action is obvious—my own comments are not meant as an indictment of the Trinity church elders or those who are seeking to hold Mr. Lawson accountable right now. The point is that accountability requires meaningful connection and submission to authority. If even a member sometimes refuses to participate in or abide by a disciplinary process, how much more difficult (or impossible) is it to hold accountable a non-member who is simply functioning as a temporary, contracted resource, i.e. a hireling.
Churches are to be led and fed by pastors who preach, not preachers who refuse to pastor. It is perfectly appropriate for a church’s leaders to sometimes bring in a guest speaker or teacher who can edify the congregation with an outside perspective, but the ordinary instruction, the weekly and daily nurture of the flock must be carried out by men who are under authority and who are connected to and responsible for the people whom they serve. Shepherd the flock of God which is among you (1Pet. 5:1-4). This not only means that the system of celebrity preachers must be rejected and dismantled but also that churches served by “Lead Pastors” who preach but never shepherd the flock should also mend their ways. If your pastor does not know you, visit you, and pray for you, if he is only a teacher and not a shepherd, then you need to plead with your elders to address an unbiblical and unhealthy system.
The blessings and privileges of Christ are received and enjoyed in connection with the Body of Christ. As St. Cyprian rightly affirmed:
“The spouse of Christ cannot be adulterous; she is uncorrupted and pure. She knows one home; she guards with chaste modesty the sanctity of one couch. She keeps us for God. She appoints the sons whom she has born for the kingdom. Whoever is separated from the Church and is joined to an adulteress, is separated from the promises of the Church; nor can he who forsakes the Church of Christ attain to the rewards of Christ. He is a stranger; he is profane; he is an enemy. He can no longer have God for his Father, who has not the Church for his mother. If any one could escape who was outside the ark of Noah, then he also may escape who shall be outside of the Church.” –Treatise I: On the Unity of the Church 6 (ANF 5.423)
John Calvin echoed the same sentiments by titling the first chapter in Book IV of his Institutes: “OF THE TRUE CHURCH. DUTY OF CULTIVATING UNITY WITH HER, AS THE MOTHER OF ALL THE GODLY,” and observing: “to those to whom he is a Father, the Church must also be a mother” (Institutes IV.1.1). Every believer has a personal relationship with Christ, but no one ever has a private relationship with the Lord. You cannot belong to Christ and be (indefinitely) disconnected from the Body of Christ, the Church. To claim otherwise is to admit that you are an appendage of the Body that has been amputated and lies on the other side of the room. It is possible for a true believer to be separated from the Body for a time, but that is an emergency situation requiring rapid attention and deliberate reattachment.Every man in authority is first, and foremost, a man under authority. Accountability exists not only when there is meaningful connection and responsibility but when that relationship is acknowledged, embraced, and its authority submitted to. A man who only chooses to submit to authority when he finds it convenient is not accountable to authority at all; he is an authority unto himself. It is frightening to be in sin outside of the Body of Christ. The Church deals with erring members as a loving mother correcting a wayward child, but those who are outside God judges (1Cor. 5:13). If the Church will not (or cannot) deal with disobedient Christians, the Lord will, and that, frankly, is a terrifying thought. Lord, keep our hearts humble, and deliver us from evil.
JUST DO IT!
“Just tell me what to do!” Pastors and counselors sometimes hear these words from people in difficult situations. Whether they have gotten themselves into the situations through unwise decisions or suffering from someone else’s sin against them, they want answers. They want to know how to alleviate the painful consequences. Unfortunately, many people are looking for a silver bullet in the form of a simple formula or for the pastor or counselor to tell them exactly what to do. Telling them occasionally that you will not give them a rule or a command and expect them to follow orders strictly frustrates them. You may even be labeled as “unloving.” Sometimes, the person may be given principles and guidance with options, but that person must wrestle through the issue and make his own decisions.
When people are in trouble, they tend to revert to authoritarianism. It is simple. Follow the rules. Obey commands. Treat the world as an impersonal machine that operates by formulaic cause-and-effect. Expect everything to be fixed without time and work. People like authoritarianism at times because it alleviates personal responsibility. If I check everything off the list and “it doesn’t work,” it is your fault.
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My Rights
“I have my rights.” In America, yes, you do. We are a nation founded on the principle that God has granted certain inalienable rights that cannot be taken away but, rather, must be protected by the government. We have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We enshrined specified rights within the first ten Amendments to the Constitution, known as “The Bill of Rights.” We should be thankful for our rights as American citizens and continue to do everything in our lawful power to keep the government from infringing on those rights.
Rights given by God are given for his purposes. That is, he gives us personal privileges and authority to carry out the mission he gave us in the beginning. We are given rights for the purpose of taking dominion, building the kingdom. When our rights are divorced from their purpose, instead of edifying free speech, we have destructive speech, such as pornography, that cloaks itself as free speech. Instead of the true religion of the Christian faith, we have a mélange of multiculturalism that views all religions as equal. Instead of the right to pursue happiness through personal responsibility, we have the right to steal from others by voting thieves into office who will transfer wealth from those who earned it to leeches. Rights divorced from the gospel of the kingdom are used for deleterious self-consumption that eventually destroys society by implosion.
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Called Out
What if your pastor DMed you about an interpersonal relationship problem that you were having and then said, “Oh yeah, when you are finished reading this, read this or have this read to the entire church”? First, you might be a little peeved that he was digging into your business. He needs to mind his own business. My relationships at home, work, and with my friends are none of his business. Second, if you are a typical American Christian, you’d probably find another church to rid yourself of this “spiritually abusive pastor.” Then, you would get on social media and talk about how you have suffered from the abuse of spiritual power, gain a following, and start an intersectional community of all those who have been DMed by their pastor about their relationships.
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Marriage is like Purgatory
“Marriage is a lot like purgatory, not many protestants seem to believe in it.”
&
“Marriage is a lot like purgatory, everyone seems eager to end their suffering.”
This is how I facetiously began a recent sermon on Questions 108 and 109 of the Heidelberg Catechism, which address the commandment against adultery. The catechism emphasizes the call for every believer, married or single, “to keep ourselves pure and holy.”
In the context of the 16th-century Reformation, marriage and purgatory were hot-button issues. Christian marriage was central to Reformation theology—can we tell the story of Martin Luther without Katharina von Bora or Henry VIII without his six wives? In this post I’d like to explore how these two are related in some surprising ways.
On Purgatory and Reformation
The medieval doctrine of purgatory sought to address an important dilemma: How can we reconcile the extrinsic grace of God with the ongoing imperfection and sinfulness of individual Christians? In the medieval Roman system, God’s divine justice could purge or cleanse the souls of those who trusted in Jesus, removing their individual shortcomings in an intermediate state. However, Protestants like Luther insisted that our righteousness before God is already perfected—simul justus et peccator (“simultaneously justified and sinner”).
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Praying in the Spirit: Our Words in the Word
In the beginning, the Speaker spoke the Word. The Word went out from the Speaker, carried along by the Breath, and the world was created, formed, and filled. Speaker, Word, and Breath working in loving, powerful union with one another to create from nothing everything that is.
The height of this creative activity was the creation of man himself, the image of God. He is a creaturely word, a revelation of God within the creation. This form fashioned from the dust of the ground was himself filled with the Spirit-Breath of God. This Spirit empowered him to take the creation given to him and, by word and deed, follow in the image of God to create, arrange, form, and fill this creation so that it will one day reflect God’s own heavenly throne room. This is his dominion task.
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An Eschatological Vision for Ministry
By Rev. Bo Cogbill
A Homily to Ministers of the Gospel at Anselm Presbytery
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Pray with me.
Father of Heavenly Lights and fount of all Wisdom, guide us we pray, by your Word and Spirit, so that in your light we may see light, in your truth find wisdom, and in your will discover your peace. Add Your blessing to the reading, the hearing, and the preaching of Your Word, and grant us all the grace to trust and obey You, and all God’s people said, “Amen.”
The scripture reading we’ll consider tonight is from Paul’s letter to Timothy.
Hear God’s Word:
1 Timothy 4:7–16 – [7] Have nothing to do with irreverent, silly myths. Rather train yourself for godliness; [8] for while bodily training is of some value, godliness is of value in every way, as it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come. [9] The saying is trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance. [10] For to this end we toil and strive, because we have our hope set on the living God, who is the Savior of all people, especially of those who believe.
[11] Command and teach these things. [12] Let no one despise you for your youth, but set the believers an example in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity. [13] Until I come, devote yourself to the public reading of Scripture, to exhortation, to teaching. [14] Do not neglect the gift you have, which was given you by prophecy when the council of elders laid their hands on you. [15] Practice these things, immerse yourself in them, so that all may see your progress. [16] Keep a close watch on yourself and on the teaching. Persist in this, for by so doing you will save both yourself and your hearers. [1] Do not rebuke an older man but encourage him as you would a father, younger men as brothers, [2] older women as mothers, younger women as sisters, in all purity.
This is the word of the Lord; thanks be to God.
We could probably do a whole series of presbytery talks on this passage – talks about what is and isn’t’ a silly myth or irreverent babble, talks about how ministerial scandal might be avoided if we saw the women and girls among us more like mothers and sisters and daughters than mere women, or how some of us need to get a little more value from our bodily training, but PM Stoos asked me to address Anselm w/some of the words I tried to encourage the RES students with during our convocation a little over a month ago.
That talk was supposed to be on an eschatological vision for ministry.
I’m pretty sure the expectation going in was for me to inspire the students who were aspiring to the ministry by giving them a vision for what role their ministry might play in the eschaton, but instead, I tried to do the opposite.
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Praying In The Spirit: Praying In Faith
What the world needs now is a crazed Muslim leader in the Middle East who has nuclear capabilities to launch a nuclear weapon at the USA. The world needs Christians to suffer and die at the hands of atheistic Communists and rabid Muslims. America needs abortion to continue to be legal for decades to come. Aunt Lucy needs to be diagnosed with stage four cancer. Uncle Joe needs to be in an accident, so he loses a leg. Henrietta needs to lose her child to leukemia. We and the rest of creation need these horrible things.
Who would ever think such things? Who would ever pray for such things? No one that I know.
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Ordination
Ordination changes a man, not in a way that changes his liver into a lung, nor in a way that gives him magical powers to do sacramental tricks, but he is changed nevertheless. The change is more like when a degree is conferred upon a graduate or when a man marries a woman. In neither case is the man physically transformed, nor does he receive special powers. However, he is a changed man. No longer is the man a student. He is a graduate, possibly with a title attached to his name and all the clout that comes with his new status. No longer is the man a bachelor, but he is a husband who now has the privileges and duties of marriage. The molecular structure in his body may be the same pre- and post-ceremony; however, in many ways, he is not the same person. He stands in new relationships, and those new relationships, with all of their attendant responsibilities, make him a new man.
So it is with a man who is ordained to the gospel ministry. He is put into a new relationship before God and to the church. This new relationship with all of its attendant responsibilities makes him a new man.
The changes are an addition rather than a physical or even mystical metamorphosis. Ordination gives a new “weight” to the person. In biblical terms, this weight is “glory.” (The word “glory” in Hebrew literally means “heavy.”) Ordination glorifies a man in a unique way.
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